Robotic motors are widely used in humanoid robots, medical robots, CNC machine tools, industrial robots, automated production equipment, and beyond. In modern industrial automation and medical technology, an efficient and accurate robotic motor testing solution is crucial for ensu ring optimal motor performance across diverse application scenarios.
Ⅰ.Common Types of Robot Motors and Test Items
Based on the types of motors, the common robot motors mainly include the following types:
1. Robot Servo Motor Tester (Servo motor testing system)
A servo motor is a closed-loop control system utilizing feedback mechanisms to achieve highly precise position and speed control.Equipped with high-resolution encoders, servo motors provide real-time feedback on speed and position, enabling extremely precise control. This capability is essential for industrial robot joints, which often require positioning accuracy of 0.01 degrees or better.
Servo motors meet these stringent demands, ensuring robots maintain high precision during complex tasks.Their characteristics - high precision, fast response, and high torque output - make them ideal for robotic systems
requiring precise positioning and dynamic control.
Common testing items for robot servo motors include:
· AC Hi-pot
· Insulation Resistance
· DC Resistance
· No-load Test
· Back EMF Test
· NVH Test
· Cogging Torque Test
· Friction Torque Test
· Separation Torque Test
· Performance Test, etc.
2. Humanoid Robot Coreless Motor Tester (Humanoid Robot Coreless Joint Motor Test System)
A coreless motor is a DC motor featuring an ironless rotor. Unlike traditional motors, its rotor coils are wound on a thin, lightweight, hollow cylindrical cup (typically made of copper, aluminum, or composites) instead
of an iron core.The stator consists of permanent magnets. The interaction between the stator's magnetic field and the current in the hollow cup coil drives rotation.This lightweight, lowinertia rotor enables extremely
fast acceleration and deceleration.It makes hollow cup motors ideal for robot joints demanding rapid starts, stops, and frequent direction changes, particularly in applications requiring high speed and precise control
like micro-arms and surgical robots.They operate with minimal cogging torque, resulting in smoother rotation and lower noise
Common testing items for robot coreless motors include:
· NVH Test
· AC Hi-pot
· Surge Test
· Speed Test
· No-load Test
· DC Resistance
· Back EMF Test
· Hall Effect Test
· Performance Test
· Insulation Resistance, etc.
3. Robot Frameless Torque Motor Tester
A frameless torque motor is a direct-drive motor designed for robots. As the name implies, its rotor and stator lack the external housing and bearings typical of traditional motors.
By directly driving the load without intermediate components like gearboxes or reducers, frameless torque motors significantly reduce friction losses and mechanical inertia.This direct-drive characteristic enables rapid response, high acceleration, and quick adaptation to changing motion demands.Specifically engineered for high torque output, they are ideal for driving robot joints with demanding
torque requirements.The test items for the robot frameless torque motor include:
· Load Test
· NVH Test
· Torque Test
· No-load Test
· Efficiency Test
· Performance Test
· Cogging Torque Test, etc.
4. Robot DC Motor Tester (Brushless Motor Testing System)
DC motors, particularly Brushless DC (BLDC) types, are a prevalent choice for robot joint actuation.Powered by DC, they control rotor positionand speed based on current direction. Their rapid start/stop capability makes them suitable for applications demanding quick response, especially in high-speed or frequently changing scenarios, enhancing robot dynamicperformance. Control is relatively straightforward via voltage or current adjustment for speed and torque, suiting various robotic applications.BLDC motors, utilizing microprocessors and electronic controllers, achieve greater control
accuracy, enabling complex trajectories and precise positioning for cost-effective, medium-precision applications.
The test items for the DC motor of the robot include:
· Load Test
· Surge Test
· NVH Test
· AC Hi-pot
· Speed Test
· No-load Test
· DC Resistance
· Back EMF Test
· Hall Effect Test
· Friction Torque Test
· Insulation Resistance
· Cogging Torque Test
· Separation Torque Test, etc.
Different robotic motor types necessitate distinct testing approaches. Therefore, testing plans must be tailored based on the specific robot type and its operating environment to define appropriate test content and
standards.
II. Characteristics of Robot Motors in Various Industries
Testing focus and requirements vary significantly across different robotic motor types and their application industries——
1. Industrial robot motor:
Industrial robots rely on multiple high-precision,high-response, and highly stable motors to achieve complex multi-degree-of-freedom movements and control. Key test parameters include rotational speed, torque, power factor,
efficiency, temperature rise, output capacity, and stability across varying load conditions.
2. Medical robot motor:
Medical robot motor (eg.surgical, rehabilitation) demand exceptional precision, reliability, and safety. Testing encompass eselectrical safety, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), and critical performance parameters like rotational
speed, torque, and efficiency to guarantee safe and stable operation in sensitive medical settings.
3.Humanoid robot motor:
Humanoid robot motors require high precision, rapid response, and flexibility to mimic human joint movements and execute complex actions. Testing focuses on parameters like rotational speed, torque, positioning
accuracy, efficiency, stability, and flexibility across various loads and speeds.
4. Household service robot motor:
The motor for household service robots prioritize low power consumption, quiet operation (low noise), and high efficiency for home environments. Key tests evaluate energy efficiency, noise levels, and lifespan to ensure stable,
unobtrusive operation.
5.Catering service robot motor:
Catering service robot motors must respond quickly to commands and operate smoothly for reliable food delivery in busy restaurant settings. Testing emphasizes startup speed, running stability, load capacity, positioning
accuracy, and navigation performance in varied environments.
6. Other types of robot motors:
Motors for diverse robot types (public service, agriculture, exploration, military, disaster rescue, humanoid, wheeled/tracked, legged, spherical, etc.)share common electrical performance test focuses:
♦Startup Performance Test: Test the startup current, startup time, etc. of the robot motor to evaluate the smoothness and rapidity of its startup process.
♦Load Performance Test: Test the output capacity and stability of the robot motor under different load conditions to ensure that it can meet the requirements of actual application scenarios.
♦ Environmental Adaptability Test: Test the adaptability and reliability of the robot motor under specific environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, dust, etc.) for specific application scenarios.
♦ Aging/Life Test: Through simulating long-term continuous operatio n, examine the wear condition, heat generation degree, and performance decline degree of the robot motor to evaluate its service life.
III. Robot Motor Testing Cases
Robotic motor testing is essential not only for manufacturers to screen high-quality products during production but also to provide critical R&D data for optimizing motor design and control systems. Comprehensive testing ensures motors meet the demanding precision, stability,
and reliability requirements of real-world applications.
AIP focus on global motor testing and provides robotic motor testing solutions with the technical advantages of high precision, automation, and comprehensive data analysis to meet the testing needs of different application
scenarios.Our testing solutions can help you identify high-quality robotic motor products, optimize motor design and control systems, and improve the overall performance and reliability of your robotic systems.
Please feel free to contact us for more information about the robot motor testing solution!
