Power tool motor test program refers to a series of methods and standards for testing and evaluating the performance and quality of power tool motors. Power tools include electric hammers, electric drills, impact drills, electric picks, angle grinders, electric planers, etc. According to the working power supply method, they are divided into active (plug-in type) and passive (battery type).

The purpose of testing power tool motors is to ensure their safety, reliability, efficiency, and durability, thus improving product quality and user satisfaction. By testing power tool motors, possible defects and failures in their design, manufacture, transportation, installation, and use can be identified and eliminated, avoiding injury to personnel or property damage.

Power tools typically use two types of motors: brushed motors and brushless motors. Brushed motors can be categorized into general-purpose AC/DC motors and DC brushed motors. General-purpose AC/DC motors can operate under AC or DC power and are commonly used in corded power tools; DC brushed motors can only operate under DC power and are commonly used in cordless power tools. Brushless motors, also called brushless DC motors, use permanent magnets and electronic controllers instead of carbon brushes and commutators, which can improve efficiency and longevity, reduce noise and sparks, and gradually become the mainstream choice for power tools.

This depends on how the power tool is powered. If they are corded power tools then they can use AC or DC universal motors as they can get a steady supply from the AC mains. If they are cordless or rechargeable power tools, then they can only use DC brushed or brushless motors because they need to be powered from a built-in DC battery created by a chemical reaction such as lithium-ion.

Whether they are brushed or brushless power tools, their basic principle utilizes Lorentz's law of force, which states that when a conductor moves in a magnetic field, it is subjected to a force perpendicular to the direction of the conductor and the magnetic field. This force causes a rotational motion of the conductor, which in turn drives attachments such as drills and saw blades to perform drilling, cutting, and other operations. The difference between brushed and brushless is the difference in the way the magnetic field is generated and the direction of rotation is controlled. Brushed motors use a stator coil fixed to the casing to generate a constant magnetic field, and use carbon brushes and commutators mounted on the rotor to turn on and off the external power supply and change the direction of the energized power in the rotor coil so that the rotor rotates in accordance with the stator magnetic field. Brushless motors use permanent magnets fixed to the casing to generate a constant magnetic field, use coils mounted on the rotor to generate a varying magnetic field and use an external sensor and controller to detect the rotor position and adjust the direction and magnitude of the energized power in the externally supplied rotor coils as needed to rotate the rotor in accordance with the permanent magnet field.